William r



(No Model.)

W. R. JEAVONS. VAPOR BURNER.

No. 438,548. Patented Oct. 14, 1890.

Huunm R. JEA Von 6' I Br w r abhor 1 Mg UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WVILLIAM R. JEAVONS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN A. LANNERT, OF SAME PLACE.

VAPOR-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 438,548, dated October 14, 1890.

Application filed January 6, 1890. Serial No. 335.997. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM R. JEAvoNs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor-Burners; and

I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to :0 which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to vapor-burners; and the invention consists in a burner provided with a vapor-distributing chamber constructed and operating substantially as shown and '15 described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of one form of my improved burners, and Fig. 2 is an elevation of a different form or modification of a burner.

In both the figures the burner is shown as circular; but it may have different forms, according to use or taste. In this instance the burner is constructed of two separate parts,

A and B. The part A is fashioned in crosssection somewhat in the shape of a trough with a round bottom, and the part B consists of a lid or cover, which serves to close the va- 0 por-distributing chamber over and along its top portion, and to form a narrow opening at one side or edge for the vapor to escape to the combustion-tubes. The lid, rim, or cover -B lies flat upon the upper edge of the base A,

so that the vapor-carrying chamber between said parts will be air-tight where the parts meet. I have preferably shown the inneredge of the cover extended downward toward the bottom of the base portion or receptacle A, to

form the narrow space through which the vapor issues between the combustion-tubes. In Fig. 1 the inclination is diagonal, while in Fig. 2 it is substantially vertical. In either and any case a chamber is formed beneath the lid or cover B, and a narrow neck or opening remains between the inner edge of said lid or cover and the inner side or edge of the bowl A, and the chamber thus formed serves to diffuse, distribute, or convey the vapor or gases 5o evenly to all parts thereof, so as to have an even flame at all points in the burner. If the said chamber did not have the cover close down upon the bowl or base A. there would be no difiusion or traveling of vapor, and the flame would burn from the surface of the bowl where the oil enters from the pipe 0 and where air is suppliedthat is, if the lid were not there or not close down, the oil or vapor would be consumed at the supply-pipe and there would be no gas left to carry around to the other parts of the chamber, even if it were disposed to travel; but by forming achamber and a narrow opening along the inner edge thereof, and the burner being fully heated, the gas or vapor will speedily distribute itself beneath said cover around to everyportion of the chamber, and ignition will not occur until the gas in the chamber is forced out by its own accumulated pressure or is drawn out by combustion, which is fed with air and sup- 7o ported through the perforationsd in the tubes or fines D.

It is of course understood by persons skilled in this art that the vapors of petroleum are heavier than the atmosphere, and in a burner of this character the vapor travels around and fills the walled and covered chamber before it will voluntarily escape therefrom. Again, having the chambers so constructed that atmosphere is excluded by the pressure of the heavier vapor therein, combustion cannot occur within the chamber or bowl for the want of air. Then when the vapor is ignited between the tubes D it will burn from the points above the narrow neck, where the supply of air or oxygen occurs, and extend thence up between the perforated tubes to the top thereof or above, making a beautiful blue flame all the way and producing intense heat.

C is the oil-supply pipe or tube provided with 0 a suitable controlling-valve at right angles thereto. As here shown, a short neck or joint of pipe intervenes between pipe 0 and the vaporchamber. The needle-valve shown is secured in the outer end of this neck or joint 5 and serves to admit the oil in such volume as the burner may require.

Assuming that gasoline is burned, though other hydrocarbons may be used when the burner is started, the bowl or trough A is supzoo plied with more or less fluid to put the device in vaporizing condition. By raising the lid B the actual quantity of oil can be seen, and experience will soon tell how much is needed. Vhile the cover is raised a match is applied, and by the time the cover is slowly replaced the bowl will have become heated sufficiently to vaporize enough oil to sustain a small fiame between the combustion-tubes. The heat of this flame is conducted to the bowl, which in turn generates more vapor, and in a short time the burner is heated to its maximum. As the valve can be opened and left open, the fluid lighted, and this cover replaced, and thus left, the burner will become heated and operative without smoke or odor and without the slightest attention from the operator. In this operation the connecting pipe section or joint through which fuel is supplied becomes very hot, so that very soon after startin g the small jet of oil admitted through the valve no sooner comes in contact with the said pipe than it is vaporized and the vapor flows into the burner-chamber. Now, by reason of the chamber being closed, except at the inner edge, and the air excluded, no combustion takes place therein, and this leaves the vapor free to travel around to all parts of the chamber and to fill the same with equal density all around. This occurs while combustion is in progress, and a uniform flame is thus maintained all around the circle of the burner; but the vapor-chamber must be kept closed, as' described, and the burner would be de stroyed if air were admitted beneath the cover. In that case combustion would take place only where the vapor or oil is admitted and give only a yellow flame. The outer tube D is attached to the cover 13. Theinner tube D is attached to the base A at the inner annular upwardly extending neck or flange thereof, and has a diaphragm E near its top, which entirely closes said tube inside. The opening I) is between the two flues. Air is aidmitted through the perforations of both ues.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Avapor-distributing chamber closed to prevent combustion therein and having an oil or vapor supply pipe and a narrow neck or opening along one edge for the escape of vapor, in combination with combustion-tubes about said opening, substantially as described.

2. In a vapor-burner, a trough-shaped base and a closely-fitting cover extending part way over its top and forming a vapor-distributing chamber between said parts, said chamber having a narrow opening for the escape of vapor, in combination with an oil or vapor supply pipe having a suitable valve, substantially as described.

3. In a burner having a vapor-containing chamber, a base trough-shaped in cross-section, and a cover narrower than the top of the base fitting closely on one edge thereof, in combination with perforated tubes extending from about the edge of said cover and one edge of said base, respectively, and in close metallic connection with said parts, whereby the said base and its connections are heated, substantially as described.

l. In a vapor-burner, a base and a detachable cover forming a vapor-distributing chamber, said cover resting one edge on said base and the other edge extended on alower plane than the adjacent edge of the base and apart therefrom, whereby an opening is formed for the escape of vapor, in combination with perforated combustion-tubes about said opening and a supply-pipe adapted to be heated from the base, substantially as described.

5. A vapor-burner having a cover in a separate piece from the base and extending partly over said base from its outer edge and fitting closely on said outer edge to form an air-tight connection at that point, a perforated tube connected with the inner edge of said cover and another perforated tube connected with the inner edge of the generator, and a supply-pipe fixed to the base, substantially as described.

\Vitness my hand to the foregoing specification this 23d day of December, 1889.

\VILLIAM R. JEAVONS. Witnesses:

II. T. FISHER, NELLIE S. MoLANE. 

